McKinsey&Company

As India continues to develop, it has choices on how to accomplish its twin objectives of sustainable development and inclusive growth. India could choose to increase its focus on clean and efficient technologies and practices to meet these objectives.
By 2030, India is likely to have a GDP of USD 4 trillion and a population of 1.5 billion. This will swell demand for critical resources such as coal and oil with a parallel increase in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Considering that 80 per cent of the India of 2030 is yet to be built, the country may have a unique opportunity to pursue development while managing emissions growth, enhancing its energy security and creating a few world scale clean-technology industries. This would require that India leapfrog inefficient technologies, assets and practices and deploy ones that are more efficient and less emission-intensive. To achieve all this will be challenging, including funding an incremental investment amounting to 1.8 to 2.3 per cent of GDP between 2010 and 2030.

• Environmental and energy sustainability: An approach for India (PDF - 2656 KB)